The Ledger

FROGJFrog Ltd.

Industry Dev software Updated 28 Sep 2026 Price 23 Oct 2026

If management hits its targets, one share in 12 months

$101 → $128

If management hits its targets

from IR material and Earnings Calls

What one share would be worth today and in 12, 24 and 36 months if the company does exactly what its management has promised, next to what a share costs now. Worked out from the targets management gave in its own results decks and earnings calls.

$101 → $128

Show the math

today's enterprise value over the operating profit management has guided for this year — 97× forward, because the guided margin is 18% — held flat, times revenue compounding at the 22% management prints on that guide, times the 21-23% margin management targets for 2027 and has targeted since May 2023. Then plus net cash of -$824M and divided by the share count, 123.3M today, rising at the pace of the last half. Each figure management gave as a range is taken at its middle.

0$50$100$150$200Today (Oct 2026): $101, the market price$101TodayOct 202612 months (Oct 2027): $128 a share if management delivers$12812 monthsOct 202724 months (Oct 2028): $150 a share if management delivers$15024 monthsOct 202836 months (Oct 2029): $172 a share if management delivers$17236 monthsOct 2029
SharesTodayIn 12 monthsOct 2027In 24 monthsOct 2028In 36 monthsOct 2029
Past pace: all sharesshares +5.8% a year as in the half to Jun '26, with $298M of the buyback unspent$101$128132M sh$150140M sh$172148M sh
Show the math, step by step

How we got there: company value if the plan is delivered, minus debt, divided by all the shares, including the new ones they’d have to sell to pay for it.

  1. The multiple. 97× is today's enterprise value divided by the $116-120M of non-GAAP operating profit the guided 2026 revenue and margin imply. The model holds it, so the value moves only with revenue and the margin step.
  2. The years. 2027, 2028 and 2029 are not guided as revenue. Revenue compounds at 22%, the rate management prints on its own 2026 guide, which puts 2027 at about $790-795M — inside the $775-825M management targets for that year, so the two halves of its own model agree. The margin steps to the stated 21-23% from 2027 and is then held, because nothing is stated past 2027.
  3. The shares. 123.3M at 31 Jul 2026, rising 5.8% a year as in the half before and 5.2% a year over the five years before that. The board authorised its first buyback, $300M, in February 2026 and had spent $2.0M of it by June, so $298M of capacity is not in this line — and neither is any of the $320M the insiders sold over the year.

Promises vs. what happened

13 claims · 8 decks

Every target management put in a slide deck, and whether they hit it, missed it, or quietly dropped it.

PromiseMade inWhat happened
FY24 revenue $422-424MQ2 '24$428.5MHeld
FY24 free cash flow $63-72MQ2 '24$107.8M, a 25% marginHeld
Q3 '24 revenue, $105.5M midpointQ2 '24$109.1MHeld
FY25 revenue $499-503MQ4 '24$531.8M, raised three timesHeld
FY25 cash flow and marginQ4 '24$142.3M and 17.3%, both overHeld
Q1 '25 revenue, $117.0M midpointQ4 '24$122.4MHeld
Q3 '25 revenue, $128.0M midpointQ2 '25$136.9M, the widest beatHeld
Q2 '26 revenue, $155.0M midpointQ1 '26$163.8MHeld
Qwak unifies AI and softwareQ1 '25integrated; no AI revenue givenLate
FY26 revenue $623-628MQ4 '25raised twice, now $648-652MOpen
FY27 revenue $775-825MQ2 '24open; needs 19-27% growthOpen
FY27 operating margin 21-23%Q2 '24open; 18% guided for '26Open
FY27 free cash flow $200-240MQ2 '24open; $154-158M guided for '26Open

What they’re pitching

the headline page, deck by deck

The headline from each quarterly results deck over two years, so you can see what they want you to focus on, and when it changes.

Q2
'24
Q4
'24
Q1
'25
Q2
'25
Q3
'25
Q4
'25
Q1
'26
Q2
'26

At a glancePage one since Q2 '24

MissionFirst seen Q2 '24

One platformFirst seen Q3 '25

SecurityFirst seen Q2 '24

AI and MLOpsFirst seen Q2 '24

NVIDIAFirst seen Q3 '25

DevGovOpsFirst seen Q3 '25

on the headline page further in the deck not in the deck▲ onto page one▼ off page one● first mentionTap a mark for the quote.

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q2 '24 · headline page

“$390MM”

Deck JFrog Q2'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q4 '24 · headline page

“$430MM”

Deck JFrog Q4'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q1 '25 · headline page

“$450MM 1Q’25 LTM Revenue 22% 1Q’25 LTM YoY”

Deck JFrog Q1'25 Investor Presentation · p. 3 ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q2 '25 · headline page

“$475MM 2Q’25 LTM Revenue 22% 2Q’25 LTM YoY”

Deck JFrog Q2'25 Investor Presentation · p. 3 ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q3 '25 · headline page

“$503MM”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q4 '25 · headline page

“$532MM 4Q’25 LTM”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 3 ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q1 '26 · headline page

“$563MM 1Q’26 LTM”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 3 ·

JFrog at a glance (LTM revenue, growth, FCF, NDR, customers)

Q2 '26 · headline page

“$600MM 2Q’26 LTM”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 3 ·

Liquid Software mission

Q2 '24 · further in the deck

“# TO CREATE A WORLD OF SOFTWARE DELIVERED WITHOUT FRICTION FROM DEVELOPER TO DEVICE”

Deck JFrog Q2'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

Liquid Software mission

Q4 '24 · further in the deck

“# TO CREATE A WORLD OF SOFTWARE DELIVERED WITHOUT FRICTION FROM DEVELOPER TO DEVICE”

Deck JFrog Q4'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

Liquid Software mission

Q1 '25 · further in the deck

“TO CREATE A WORLD OF SOFTWARE DELIVERED WITHOUT FRICTION FROM DEVELOPER TO DEVICE”

Deck JFrog Q1'25 Investor Presentation · p. 4 ·

Liquid Software mission

Q2 '25 · further in the deck

“TO CREATE A WORLD OF SOFTWARE DELIVERED WITHOUT FRICTION FROM DEVELOPER TO DEVICE”

Deck JFrog Q2'25 Investor Presentation · p. 4 ·

One platform for trusted software

Q3 '25 · further in the deck

“POWERING THE SOFTWARE THAT POWERS THE WORLD”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

One platform for trusted software

Q4 '25 · further in the deck

“POWERING THE SOFTWARE THAT POWERS THE WORLD”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 4 ·

One platform for trusted software

Q1 '26 · further in the deck

“POWERING THE SOFTWARE THAT POWERS THE WORLD”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 4 ·

One platform for trusted software

Q2 '26 · further in the deck

“POWERING THE SOFTWARE THAT POWERS THE WORLD”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 4 ·

Software supply chain security

Q2 '24 · further in the deck

“## E2E SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY”

Deck JFrog Q2'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

Software supply chain security

Q4 '24 · further in the deck

“## E2E SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY”

Deck JFrog Q4'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

Software supply chain security

Q1 '25 · further in the deck

“E2E SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY 14”

Deck JFrog Q1'25 Investor Presentation · p. 14 ·

Software supply chain security

Q2 '25 · further in the deck

“E2E SOFTWARE SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY 14”

Deck JFrog Q2'25 Investor Presentation · p. 14 ·

Software supply chain security

Q3 '25 · further in the deck

“Software Supply Chain Security Embedded Holistically with the Software System of Record”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

Software supply chain security

Q4 '25 · further in the deck

“Software Supply Chain Security Embedded Holistically with the Software System of Record”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 18 ·

Software supply chain security

Q1 '26 · further in the deck

“Software Supply Chain Security Embedded Holistically with the Software System of Record”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 18 ·

Software supply chain security

Q2 '26 · further in the deck

“Named a Leader in the first-ever Magic Quadrant dedicated to software supply chain security”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 18 ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q2 '24 · further in the deck

“LLMs QWAK + THE JFROG PLATFORM”

Deck JFrog Q2'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q4 '24 · further in the deck

“LLMs QWAK + THE JFROG PLATFORM”

Deck JFrog Q4'24 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q1 '25 · further in the deck

“QWAK + THE JFROG PLATFORM”

Deck JFrog Q1'25 Investor Presentation · p. 19 ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q2 '25 · further in the deck

“QWAK + THE JFROG PLATFORM”

Deck JFrog Q2'25 Investor Presentation · p. 19 ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q3 '25 · further in the deck

“## JFrog MLOps in our Platform”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q4 '25 · further in the deck

“JFrog MLOps in our Platform”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 25 ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q1 '26 · further in the deck

“JFrog MLOps in our Platform”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 25 ·

AI and MLOps (Qwak, JFrog ML)

Q2 '26 · further in the deck

“JFrog MLOps in our Platform”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 27 ·

NVIDIA partnership

Q3 '25 · further in the deck

“Enterprise approved NVIDIA NIM consumption”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

NVIDIA partnership

Q4 '25 · further in the deck

“Enterprise approved NVIDIA NIM consumption”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 37 ·

NVIDIA partnership

Q1 '26 · further in the deck

“Enterprise approved NVIDIA NIM consumption”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 37 ·

NVIDIA partnership

Q2 '26 · further in the deck

“Enterprise approved NVIDIA NIM consumption”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 39 ·

DevGovOps and AppTrust

Q3 '25 · further in the deck

“## E2E DevGovOps With JFrog AppTrust”

Deck JFrog Q3'25 Investor Presentation · no page (Tavily text) ·

DevGovOps and AppTrust

Q4 '25 · further in the deck

“E2E DevGovOps With JFrog AppTrust”

Deck JFrog Q4'25 Investor Presentation · p. 32 ·

DevGovOps and AppTrust

Q1 '26 · further in the deck

“E2E DevGovOps With JFrog AppTrust”

Deck JFrog Q1'26 Investor Presentation · p. 32 ·

DevGovOps and AppTrust

Q2 '26 · further in the deck

“E2E DevGovOps With JFrog AppTrust”

Deck JFrog Q2'26 Investor Presentation · p. 34 ·

What they keep talking about · 9

The themes that show up deck after deck, and the ones that disappear.

At a glance
The first content slide of all eight, and the lead in all eight. Trailing revenue rose from $390M to $600M across them — and the customer number on it fell from 7,400 to 6,600.
Mission
"Liquid Software" sat straight after the headline through Q2 '25, then went in the Q3 '25 redesign.
One platform
The positioning that replaced it, from Q3 '25: one platform for trusted software.
Security
In every deck, and the only theme never broken out as revenue. The Gartner Magic Quadrant slide is new in Q2 '26.
AI and MLOps
In all eight: the Qwak acquisition through Q2 '25, then a JFrog AI and MLOps section. No AI revenue, customer or attach figure in any of them.
NVIDIA
First appears in Q3 '25 and in every deck since, as the NIM gateway inside the platform.
DevGovOps
Governance and compliance, added in the Q3 '25 redesign as AppTrust and kept since.
New
Q3 '25 was a redesign, not an update: the mission slide and the multi-product split went, and security, DevGovOps, NVIDIA and the one-platform positioning came in.
Quiet
The multi-product revenue split, last shown Q2 '25 at 3.8%. Never shown at all: cloud revenue, cloud growth guidance and the retention floor, which live only in the call transcripts.
Every quarterly report we’ve saved · 8

The press releases and shareholder letters behind this page.

Archived as text; the links open the copies filed on EDGAR or the investor-relations site.

What analysts asked them

8 calls · Q3 24 – Q2 26

The last eight earnings calls: what analysts kept asking about, which questions got dodged, and how much the CEO did the talking.

Share of questions by topic, call by call. A topic that suddenly dominates is usually the problem. The last row is how much of the answering the CEO did, rather than the CFO or others.

Share of questions about…Q3 24Q4 24Q1 25Q2 25Q3 25Q4 25Q1 26Q2 26
Demand & customers32%27%36%53%56%50%69%82%
Growth & sales35%23%24%16%39%50%38%·
Pricing & margins5%18%12%11%··6%·
Guidance & outlook24%36%18%16%28%25%19%27%
Capacity & supply···5%6%·6%·
Capital & financing3%5%9%·····
Competition··6%·11%···
Products & technology3%18%18%21%28%25%44%64%
Macro & regulation3%5%9%·6%···
Other35%41%36%42%·25%12%·
Questions372233191881611
How much the CEO talked64%61%53%81%76%69%90%86%

Who’s in charge, who’s selling

read from the filings · 1 Oct 2026

Shareholder votes against the board and pay, plus which executives have been selling their own shares.

  1. Tier 2 · improving

    Two in five votes went against the pay, and the board rebuilt it

    At the May '25 meeting about 40.5% of the votes cast went against each of three pay items — the chief executive's, the chief technology officer's, and the compensation policy. The committee's own letter calls that "unsatisfactory": Elisa Steele became chair in March '25, the US and Israeli pay advisers were replaced, 19 of the 35 largest holders were canvassed in the spring and 15 of the top 25 in the autumn, and from 2026 the long-term incentive is restricted shares vesting evenly over five years, with the one-year-metric performance shares dropped. In May '26 the protest halved: 15.9% against the chief executive's pay, 18.0% on say-on-pay.

  2. Tier 2 · stable

    Three of ten seats belong to founders, and two of those are related

    Ben Haim has been chief executive since 2008 and is also chairman. Landman, a co-founder, is chief technology officer and a director. Simon, a co-founder, is a director, left the chief data scientist role in June 2024 and "has served as a consultant to the company since" — fees reported in the director table — and the proxy states he "is married to the sister of Shlomi Ben Haim". Those three are the only directors the board does not find independent.

  3. Tier 2 · worsening

    The founders sold about $223M while $298M of the buyback went unspent

    191 sales by ten insiders for $319.9M in the year to Q2 '26, no purchases, about half on pre-set plans — 2.9% of market value, the heaviest in this cluster. The Form 4 parse puts Landman at about $86.5M, Simon at about $85.2M and Ben Haim at about $51.8M. Over the same period the share count rose 5.8% a year, and the first buyback the board has ever authorised — $300M in February '26 — had spent $2.0M by June.

  4. Tier 2 · stable

    Nearly all the cash the business has made went on buying other companies

    $353M of acquisitions over 2021-25 against $380M of operating cash flow — 97% of five years of free cash flow — with $18M of capital expenditure and no dividend. Goodwill went from $17M to $372M and has never been impaired. The largest of them, Qwak, was sold as creating "a unified software supply chain across AI and traditional software development", and none of the eight decks gives an AI revenue, customer or attach figure against which that can be checked.

  5. Tier 3 · stable

    Half the staff in Israel, and a product whose holes get exploited after the fix ships

    About 950 of roughly 1,800 employees are in Israel, where the 10-K says the situation is "volatile and may escalate again". In February '26 the 10-K added a risk about vulnerabilities "exploited if our customers do not patch", and in September The Register reported 59% of organisations still vulnerable six weeks after CVE-2026-42016 — with exploitation beginning only after JFrog's fixes shipped. An OpenAI model in a sandbox found a zero-day in self-hosted Artifactory in August; it was disclosed and patched, and the hosted service was not breached.

Where shareholders voted no

At each annual meeting shareholders vote on who sits on the board, what the executives are paid and whether the company may create more shares. These are the votes that drew the most "no"s at the last two meetings: the shares voted against (or withheld) each year, then what share of all votes cast that was. Under each one, what the vote was about and what a no means.

20252026Share 2026
Chief executive's payExecutive pay. Shareholders say whether they accept what the top executives were paid. The vote is advisory: the board can ignore it, but a large no is a public rebuke and boards usually change the pay plan after one.33.5M against15.7M against15.9%
Chief technology officer's payExecutive pay.33.5M against9.0M against9.1%
Say on pay (advisory)Executive pay.—17.8M against18.0%
Steele (compensation chair)A board seat. Shareholders vote to keep this person on the board, the group that hires, pays and can fire the CEO. A no, or a withheld vote, says they want this director out, often because of the committee they sit on or a decision they signed off.—29.0M against29.3%
Re-appoint EY IsraelThe auditor. Keeping the outside accounting firm that checks the company's books. This almost always passes; a sizeable no means shareholders doubt the audit or think the firm has been in place too long.0.4M against1.2M against1.1%

Insiders who sold the most stock

Reported sales by executives and directors, biggest first.

SEC insider data sets, Jul '25-Jun '26SoldNote
All insiders$319.9M191 sales by 10 people, and not one purchase
Yoav Landmanabout $86.5M~1.07M shares, the largest seller in the Form 4 parse
Frederic Simonabout $85.2M~1.21M shares; he is also the paid consultant
Shlomi Ben Haimabout $51.8M~745K shares, on 10b5-1 plans